247. Mangalore place names

A mini dictionary of place names in and around Mangalore city is provided below alphabetically: Most of these PLACE NAMES have been covered  or explained in earlier R POSTS. Alternate possible explanations for the place names are given as (1), (2) etc.
Readers are requested to Check up the list and offer viewpoints wherever they disagree.

Adyapadi= An initial settelement of an unspecified ancient tribes.
Adyar= A field with tree groves. ADi= tree.
Alape, Alupe =A village on the bank of river. Alupe is the original home of Alupa Kings.
Alike= (1) An area on the bank of river (2) An administrative area. (3). A word modified from original ‘Aluve’?
Aluve= An estuary where river joins the Sea.
Attavara= Open area on the other bank of the river.
Baikampadi= A settelment of (1) ‘baikam’ (=beggars) wandering Buddhist monks. Or (2) ‘Baiy’, Baite or ’ Bey sub sect of Munda tribes.
Bajal= A dry area on the river bank.
Bajape=A habitation with dry land (poor water sources) characteristics.
Bijai = An ancient area reserved for Seed (beeja) storage?
Bokkapatna = A port named after Vijaynagar King Bokka.
Bolār= An open field of Bola, white immigrant tribes.
Bolur= A village of Bola, white immigrant tribes
BonDāntila= An habitation of Bond subsect of Munda tribes
Bondel = Originally Bandale, modified by Missionaries.’Bond’ or ‘Bandh’ was a sub sect of Munda tribes.
Derebail =(1) River valley of Dere sect, Dere a sub sect of Munda tribes (2) Devare bail= River valley of Dieties.
Dongarakeri= A colony of Donga subtribes.
Guliga bittil: A colony named after Guliga Spirit. ( This was the old name for the 'old bus stand' area located between Punja Arcade and Bavutagudde (Old light house).)
Gurupur= A village of Gurus (Lingayath preists). 17th CCE.
Hampankatte= A shade under a tree named after a legendary ‘Appanna’ who used to offer water to thiersty travelers.
Hosabettu= A new settlement on a ridge.
Iddya = A village of ‘Ideya’(Yadava) cowherd tribes.
Innoli = (1) A village on the bank of a rough river Netravati. (2) A village of Inna tribes?
Jeppina moger= A river bank where the Netravati river ‘lowered its level’ (ie shifted) during the history.
Kadri= Kadire= (1) A paddy corn distributed during annual agricultural festival. (2) An area legendary for distribution of rice corns.
Kankanadi= A village of Kanka tribes.
Kapikad= A reserved forest (Once upon a time!).
Kannur= (1) A villge of Kanna tribes, (2) An eye shaped island within the Netravati river.
Karangalpadi= A settlement of Karanga (Koranga> Koraga) tribes.
Kavur= A village with reserved, protected groves.(Once upon a time!).
Kinya = (1) An divine African word brought by immigrants, Kin+iya. (2) Small?
Kodikal = A standing pillar like rock on the edge of the village. (Now no longer not exist!)
Kodialbail= The original ‘Kudla’ word has been modified into ‘Kodiyal’.
Kolya= A settelement of Kol tribes.
Konāje= (1) A field (aje) on a corner (‘kona’).(2) A field of buffaloes.
Konchādi= A habitation of Koncha tribes.
Kottara= (1) An open field of Kota or Kotia tribes, or (2) A storage area.
Kudala = (1)An ancient agricultural village on a river bank. (The River has now dried up!). (2) A confluence of two rivers.
Kudroli= Kuduru+Oli. An village on river island. (The old estuary has now been dried up).
Kudumbi-bittil:A colony of Kudumbi tribes.( An area near Phalnir).
Kudupu = An ancient agricultural village.
Kulai= A village with a lake(kula).
Kulshekara= An area named after Alupa King Kulashekara.
Kulur = A village beside a lake (Kula).
Maikala= Mayikala. A town named after an ancient Buddhist temple devoted to Māyi or Mayadevi.
Māladi= A habitation (aDi) of Māle tribes
Mālemar = An agricultural field (mār) of Māle tribes.
Mangala=Later modification (6-9 CCE) of the word, Mangār.
Mangar= (1) An open field of Mang subtribes, or (2) ma+ang+ar= An elevated open field.
Manki= A n village of a) Mang subtribes Mang+ki , or (2) on an elevated area.
Mannagudde = A hill of reddish soils.
Manjanādi= (1) A settlement of Manja tribes (2) A settlement on a elevated land?
Marakada= A river ford beside village of Marava tribes.
Maravur= A village of Marava tribes.
Maroli= A village of Marava tribes.
Mudupu = A reserved village.
Mulur=An ancient village of aboriginal (Moola>. Moolya) tribes.
Naguri= A village named after Nāga (worship) or Nāga tribes.
Nantur= A habitation on a steep cliff.
Neermarga= A road by the side of a river. (The said river is now dried up!)
PachanāDi= A habitation of greenery.
Padavinangadi = An urban area (with shops) on the elevated plateau
Padavu = An elevated lateritic plateau or zone.
PaDavu= A sunken area, formerly occupied by streams.
Padil = An ancient deserted field.
Panambur =A village of Panaba tribes
Pandela= A sea port, a boat yard. Pandi=a large boat.
Pandeshwara =Later modification (6-8 CCE) of the word Pandela.
Parari= A large settlement. Possibly originally it was ‘PerāDi’.
Pavur= A village beside river (Pav=river /flow, a Toda word).  (2) A village named after ‘Pāv’ (=snake) or Nāgas?
Permanki= A large habitation of (a) Mang subtribes or (2) on an elevated area.
Phalnir= Pala Neer.Pāl +nir. Old river course.Area where an ancient river (now dried up) in braided form (or split up).
Saravu= A habitation beside a lake (=’Sara’).Now modified to ‘Sharavu’.
Shaktinagar= A colony named after Ramashakti Mission. (ca. 19th CCE)
Shedigudda = A hill of clays.
Surathkal = Rocks (on the beach ) washed by waves.(Originally ‘Toratt-kall’).
Tannirbāvi= A place named after a cool fresh water well on the beach.
Tiruvail= Originally Tiruvoil. An area where the river Gurupur took a sudden shift turn ( An historical incident of change of river course ) .
Tokkottu = A village/settlement (‘ottu’) on a river valley (‘toke’).Toke+ottu.
Tokur= A village on a valley. Toke+uru.
Uchila = A Village named after ‘Uchu’ (=Nāga).Uchu+ila. Ila=house,habitation,settlement.
Ulaibettu= An island with hilly area. [Probably original name ‘Uliya bettu’ has been modified into Ulaibettu. And the river has shifted its path during the course of history.]
Uliya= an island.
Ullal= Ulla +al= river inside the village. [Ula or Ola=interior or linside; ala=water;river. Now the former river inside Ullal town has been dried up.]
Urwa= Uru+va. A settlement of urban land.
Vamanjur= (1) A village named after Vāma or Oma tribes (2) A village of Vāma/ Oma crop?
Yekkur= A village of Yekka  .
Yeyyadi = An habitation of Yeya (>.Yeda, Yadava) cowherd tribes.
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