Monday, April 7, 2008

106. Maarigudi II

In Tamilnadu the ‘Maariamman’ is considered as the Godess of Rain and fertility, whereas in Karnataka (including Karavali) 'Maari' is the village Goddess/Deity of misfortunes and epidemics diseases. Hosabettu Viswanath has added some more points below to complement the previous post on the Maarigudis.

Maaripooje
It appears that originally the concept of Maari worship was conceived to drive out epidemic diseases. The Maari-pooje is traditionally held in many villages of Karavali usually on a specific day in the following week after the Car festival event of the village Durga temples.
'Maari gidapunu/ derunu', 'maaripuje' in village level (the Maari without having a temple) is a common annual feature in some villages. It is performed under a tree with raised platform around by offering food/animal sacrifice. Similar village cults are reported from Tamilnadu also. It is also likely that the original concept of (driving out the epidemics) is being interpreted in different ways, like addition of concepts of rain and fertility, in these days. The cult of emphasis on rains may have been derived from prevention against the draught situations.
During outbreak of epidemics, to chase out the 'maari' out of village limits such rituals are performed. In the fishing villages, the Bhajana Mandira undertakes singing of bhajans through out the 'Mogaveera pattana',running corner to corner, to chase the 'Maari' out. Such events have played a significant role in providing psychological relief to the people by removing fear.

Kuttipooje
In the days of 'ramponi' in the fishing colonies of Karavali villages, 'kuttipooje' was performed prior to commencement of fishing season. It is another form of 'maari gidapunu'.

Maari
'Maari' also means great, big, terrifying, as in 'maaribale'(=huge fishing net), 'maari barsa' (=intensive rainfall) etc.Usages like 'maari pondu', 'ayik maari baradu' are also in vogue. Worship of mother Maari appears universal and it may have existed in native form even before the arrival of Ikkeri Kings to Tulunad.. However, it was more popularised with the exodus of Konkanis from Konkan to Tulunadu and with the construction of Maari Gudies' during Ikkeri rule.

Mohanappa Thingalaya
Arya Samajists in the Karavali,like late Shri Mohanappa Thingalaya, have played a significant role in the beginning of the Twentieth Century in crusading against the cruel practice of animal sacrifice .
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Books for Reference

  • A Comparative Study of Tulu Dialects By Dr. Padmanabha Kekunnaya. Govinda Pai Reserach Centre, UDupi. 1994
  • Koti Chennaya: Janapadiya Adhyayana. By Dr. Vamana Nandavar. Hemanshu Prakashana ,Mangalore.2001.
  • Male kudiyaru. Dr B. A.Viveka Rai and D.Yadupathi Gowda, Mangalore University,1996.
  • Mogaveera Samskriti By Venkataraja Punimchattaya. Karnataka Sahitya Academy.1993.
  • Mugeraru:Jananga Janapada Adhyayana. By Dr Abhaya Kumar Kaukradi.Kannada & Culture Directorate,Bangalore & Karnataka Tulu Academy, Mangalore,1997.
  • Puttubalakeya Pad-danagalu. Ed: Dr B.A.Viveka Rai,Yadupati Gowda and Rajashri, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara Tulu Peeta. Mangalore University.2004
  • Se'erige. Ed:Dr K.Chinnapa Gowda.Madipu Prakashana,Mangalagangotri,2000.
  • Studies in Tuluva History and Culture.by Dr P Gururaja Bhat (1975).Milagres College,Kallinapur,Udupi.
  • Taulava Sanskriti by Dr.B.A.Viveka Rai, Sahyadri Prakashana,Mysore 1977
  • TuLu naaDu-nuDi By Dr.PalthaDi Ramakrishna Achar, Puttur.
  • TuLu NighanTu. (Editor in Chief: Dr U.P.Upadhyaya, Govinda Pai Research Centre,Udupi. Six volumes. 1988 to 1997
  • Tulu Patero-A Philology & Grammar of Tulu Language by Budhananda Shivalli.2004.Mandira Prakashana Mangalore. p.317. (The book is in Tulu Language using Kannada script)
  • TuLunadina ShasanagaLa Sanskritika Adhyayana. By Shaila T. Verma (2002) Jnanodaya Prakashana,Bangalore, p.304.(Kannada)
  • Tuluvala Baliyendre. Compiled by N.A.Sheenappa Hegde,Polali,Sri Devi Prakashana,Parkala,1929/1999

A Coastal estuary

A Coastal estuary
Holegadde near Honavar,Uttara Kannada dist, Karnataka

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